ELECTOSTATICS

 Action 1:

Grab a rod of plastic. Rub fur all over it then hangs it from a silk thread. Take a second plastic rod, wipe some fur on it, and bring it up close to the dangling rod. The two rods will be seen to reject one another. It indicates that both rods were charged during the rubbing. 

Action 2:

After applying silk to a glass rod, suspend it horizontally. We see that both rods attract one another when we bring the fur-rubbed plastic rod close to the dangling glass rod. In the first exercise, both of the rods are made of plastic and have been fur-rubbed. Therefore, we presume that the charge would be of the same type on both rods. In the second activity, the rods are dissimilar, and their attraction suggests that the charges on the two rods are of different kinds rather than the same kind. These opposing charges are sometimes referred to as positive and negative charges. The negative charge is transferred from one object to another during the rubbing process. These actions result in We draw the following conclusions: 

1. A material body's basic characteristic of charge determines whether it will attract or repel another object. 

2. On various materials, friction generates two different types of charge (such as glass and plastic).

 3. Charging opposites always repel one another. 

4. Opposite charges are always drawn to one another. 

5. Repulsion is a reliable indicator of a body's charge.

Action 3:

The two rods will attract one another as demonstrated in aluminum if we place a charged plastic rod close to a neutral rod that is hung. The attraction between the charged and uncharged rods appears to be caused by the opposite charges on each rod. This is untrue, though. Positive and negative charges are displaced by a charged plastic rod onto a neutral rod, which attracts positive and negative charges due to the attraction of aluminum. But there is still no overall charge on the aluminum rod. It implies that the best way to determine a body's charge is not through attraction. As will be detailed below, the activity shown above demonstrates a process known as electrostatic induction.

Action 4:

Bring two metal spheres A and B and position them such that they are touching each other on insulated platforms as indicated in (a) Now approach sphere A with a positively charged rod as depicted in (b). Rod will reject the positive charge away from it and draw a negative charge to it. The left surface of sphere A, which is near the rod, will have a negative charge. While the right surface of the sphere B will have a positive charge. While the rod is still close to sphere A, separate the spheres now. Now, if you test the two spheres, you'll discover that they have opposing charges (c). The charges are evenly dispersed throughout the surface after the rod is removed from the spheres' surfaces as seen in (d). An equal and opposite charge appears on each during this procedure.