Hold in one hand either a convex mirror or a well-polished spoon (using the outside of the spoon with the convex surface protruding outward). On the other hand, hold a pencil in the upright position. Try to focus on the reflection of it there. Is the picture upright or upside-down? Does the image have a different size than the object? The pencil should be moved out of the mirror. Does the image enlarge or shrink? Try to predict whether the focus will shift closer to or distant from the image.
Action 2:
Take a polished spoon or a concave mirror (using the inside of the spoon with a concave surface bulging inward). Hold it in your palm and point it at a faraway object, such as the Sun, a structure, a tree, or a pole. Attempt to capture a clear, focused image of the faraway object on a screen or wall. Utilize a meter scale to calculate the separation between the screen and the mirror. Can you determine the concave mirror's approximate focal length? To illustrate the development of an image in this scenario, draw a ray diagram.
Action 3:
A convex lens should be placed in front of a white screen, and it should be moved around until a clear image of a faraway object appears on the screen. For instance, we may perform this experiment before an open window to obtain a window picture on a screen or wall (Fig.12.22). It is important to gauge the distance between the lens and the screen. This is the lens's approximative focal length. Explain. Make a ray diagram (hint: What kind of thing is an image?
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